How Autism Is Diagnosed
Share
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is diagnosed through careful observation, developmental history, and standardized assessments. But how exactly is autism diagnosed?
1. Developmental Screening
The process usually begins with a developmental screening during regular checkups, especially between 18–24 months. Pediatricians look for early signs of autism, such as delayed speech, lack of eye contact, or repetitive behaviors.
2. Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation
If screening raises concerns, the child is referred for a comprehensive evaluation. This is done by specialists like developmental pediatricians, child psychologists, or neurologists. The evaluation includes:
Behavioral observations
Parent interviews
Standardized autism-specific tools like the ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) or ADI-R (Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised)
3. Meeting Diagnostic Criteria
To receive a formal diagnosis, the individual must meet criteria outlined in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). This includes challenges in:
Social communication
Repetitive behaviors or restricted interests
Symptoms that impact daily functioning
4. Diagnosing Autism in Adults
Autism can also be diagnosed in teens or adults, though it may be harder to detect due to masking or learned coping skills. The process typically involves a detailed history, self-reports, and interviews with close family members.
Find out more in The Autism Relationship Guide available on AutismVictory.com.